BreastGain | Breast Actives

History

The discovery of vitamin A may have stemmed from research dating back to 1906, indicating that factors other than carbohydrates, proteins, and fats were necessary to keep cattle healthy. By 1917 one of these substances was independently discovered by Elmer McCollum at the University of Wisconsinadison, and Lafayette Mendel and Thomas Burr Osborne at Yale University. Since “water-soluble factor B” (Vitamin B) had recently been discovered, the researchers chose the name “fat-soluble factor A” (vitamin A). Vitamin A was first synthesized in 1947 by two Dutch chemists, David Adriaan van Dorp and Jozef Ferdinand Arens.

Equivalencies of retinoids and carotenoids (IU)

As some carotenoids can be converted into vitamin A, attempts have been made to determine how much of them in the diet is equivalent to a particular amount of retinol, so that comparisons can be made of the benefit of different foods. Unfortunately the situation is confusing because the accepted equivalences have changed. For many years, a system of equivalencies was used in which an international unit (IU) was equal to 0.3 g of retinol, 0.6 g of -carotene, or 1.2 g of other provitamin-A carotenoids. Later, a unit called retinol equivalent (RE) was introduced. 1 RE corresponded to 1 g retinol, 2 g -carotene dissolved in oil (it is only partly dissolved in most supplement pills, due to very poor solubility in any medium), 6 g -carotene in normal food (because it is not absorbed as well as when in oils), and 12 g of either -carotene, -carotene, or -cryptoxanthin in food (these molecules only provide 50% of the retinol as -carotene, due to only half the molecule being convertible to usable vitamin).

Newer research has shown that the absorption of provitamin-A carotenoids is only half as much as previously thought, so in 2001 the US Institute of Medicine recommended a new unit, the retinol activity equivalent (RAE). 1 g RAE corresponds to 1 g retinol, 2 g of -carotene in oil, 12 g of “dietary” beta-carotene, or 24 g of the three other dietary provitamin-A carotenoids.

Substance and its chemical environment

Micrograms of retinol equivalent per microgram of the substance

retinol

1

beta-carotene, dissolved in oil

1/2

beta-carotene, common dietary

1/12

alpha-carotene, common dietary

1/24

gamma-carotene, common dietary

1/24

beta-cryptoxanthin, common dietary

1/24

Because the production of retinol from provitamins by the human body is regulated by the amount of retinol available to the body, the conversions apply strictly only for vitamin A deficient humans. The absorption of provitamins also depends greatly on the amount of lipids ingested with the provitamin; lipids increase the uptake of the provitamin.

The conclusion that can be drawn from the newer research is that fruits and vegetables are not as useful for obtaining vitamin A as was thought; in other words, the IU’s that these foods were reported to contain were worth much less than the same number of IU’s of fat-dissolved oils and (to some extent) supplements. This is important for vegetarians. (Night blindness is prevalent in countries where little meat or vitamin A-fortified foods are available.)

A sample vegan diet for one day that provides sufficient vitamin A has been published by the Food and Nutrition Board (page 120). On the other hand, reference values for retinol or its equivalents, provided by the National Academy of Sciences, have decreased. The RDA (for men) of 1968 was 5000 IU (1500 g retinol). In 1974, the RDA was set to 1000 RE (1000 g retinol), whereas now the Dietary Reference Intake is 900 RAE (900 g or 3000 IU retinol). This is equivalent to 1800 g of -carotene supplement (3000 IU) or 10800 g of -carotene in food (18000 IU).

Recommended daily intake

Vitamin A

Dietary Reference Intake:

Life Stage Group

Recommended Dietary Allowances (RDA)

Adequate Intakes (AI*)

g/day

Upper Limit

g/day

Infants

06 months

712 months

400*

500*

600

600

Children

13 years

48 years

300

400

600

900

Males

913 years

1418 years

19 – >70 years

600

900

900

1700

2800

3000

Females

913 years

1418 years

19 – >70 years

600

700

700

1700

2800

3000

Pregnancy

19 – >50 years

750

770

2800

3000

Lactation

19 – >50 years

1200

1300

2800

3000

(Note that the limit refers to synthetic and natural retinoid forms of vitamin A. Carotene forms from dietary sources are not toxic.)

According to the Institute of Medicine of the National Academies, “RDAs are set to meet the needs of almost all (97 to 98 percent) individuals in a group. For healthy breastfed infants, the AI is the mean intake. The AI for other life stage and gender groups is believed to cover the needs of all individuals in the group, but lack of data prevent being able to specify with confidence the percentage of individuals covered by this intake.”

Sources

Egg.

Vitamin A is found naturally in many foods:

liver (beef, pork, chicken, turkey, fish) (6500 g 722%)

carrot (835 g 93%)

broccoli leaf (800 g 89%) – According to USDA database broccoli florets have much less.

sweet potato (709 g 79%)

butter (684 g 76%)

kale (681 g 76%)

spinach (469 g 52%)

pumpkin (400 g 41%)

collard greens (333 g 37%)

Cheddar cheese (265 g 29%)

cantaloupe melon (169 g 19%)

egg (140 g 16%)

apricot (96 g 11%)

papaya (55 g 6%)

mango (38 g 4%)

pea (38 g 4%)

broccoli (31 g 3%)

milk (28 g 3%)

Note: data taken from USDA database bracketed values are retinol activity equivalences (RAEs) and percentage of the adult male RDA per 100g.

Conversion of carotene to retinol varies from person to person and bioavailability of carotene in food varies.

Metabolic functions

Vitamin A plays a role in a variety of functions throughout the body, such as:

Vision

Gene transcription

Immune function

Embryonic development and reproduction

Bone metabolism

Haematopoiesis

Skin health

Antioxidant Activity

Vision

The role of vitamin A in the vision cycle is specifically related to the retinal form. Within the eye, 11-cis-retinal is bound to rhodopsin (rods) and iodopsin (cones) at conserved lysine residues. As light enters the eye the 11-cis-retinal is isomerized to the all-”trans” form. The all-”trans” retinal dissociates from the opsin in a series of steps called bleaching. This isomerization induces a nervous signal along the optic nerve to the visual center of the brain. Upon completion of this cycle, the all-”trans”-retinal can be recycled and converted back to the 11-”cis”-retinal form via a series of enzymatic reactions. Additionally, some of the all-”trans” retinal may be converted to all-”trans” retinol form and then transported with an interphotoreceptor retinol-binding protein (IRBP) to the pigment epithelial cells. Further esterification into all-”trans” retinyl esters allow this final form to be stored within the pigment epithelial cells to be reused when needed. The final conversion of 11-cis-retinal will rebind to opsin to reform rhodopsin in the retina. Rhodopsin is needed to see black and white as well as see at night. It is for this reason that a deficiency in vitamin A will inhibit the reformation of rhodopsin and lead to night blindness.

Gene transcription

Vitamin A, in the retinoic acid form, plays an important role in gene transcription. Once retinol has been taken up by a cell, it can be oxidized to retinal (by retinol dehydrogenases) and then retinal can be oxidized to retinoic acid (by retinal oxidase). The conversion of retinal to retinoic acid is an irreversible step, meaning that the production of retinoic acid is tightly regulated, due to its activity as a ligand for nuclear receptors. Retinoic acid can bind to two different nuclear receptors to initiate (or inhibit) gene transcription: the retinoic acid receptors (RARs) or the retinoid “X” receptors (RXRs). RAR and RXR must dimerize before they can bind to the DNA. RAR will form a heterodimer with RXR (RAR-RXR), but it does not readily form a homodimer (RAR-RAR). RXR, on the other hand, readily forms a homodimer (RXR-RXR) and will form heterodimers with many other nuclear receptors as well, including the thyroid hormone receptor (RXR-TR), the Vitamin D3 receptor (RXR-VDR), the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (RXR-PPAR) and the liver “X” receptor (RXR-LXR). The RAR-RXR heterodimer recognizes retinoid acid response elements (RAREs) on the DNA whereas the RXR-RXR homodimer recognizes retinoid “X” response elements (RXREs) on the DNA. The other RXR heterodimers will bind to various other response elements on the DNA. Once the retinoic acid binds to the receptors and dimerization has occurred, the receptors undergo a conformational change that causes co-repressors

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Nowadays, more and more women can be attacked by breast cancer. Breast cancer can be caused by various reasons, such as the unhealthy lifestyle and the unhealthy diet. In fact, malnutrition can also cause breast cancer. According to the latest research, the deficiency of vitamin D is a potential factor of the formation of breast cancer.

In the research, the researchers have gathered the blood samples from more than 100 patients with breast cancer and investigated the contents of vitamin D in the blood samples. As a result, they have found that nearly 50% of the patients are troubled by the deficiency of vitamin D. Therefore, the deficiency of vitamin D can be a potential factor to induce breast cancer.

Various foods like beef and mushroom contain abundant vitamin D. People can moderately increase the intake of such foods to supplement the nutrient in their daily life.

At the same time, people can bask in the sun moderately to enhance the production of the nutrient in their bodies. According to the research, vitamin D plays an important role in adjusting the reproduction of cells. If the excessive reproduction of cells can be controlled, some cancers can be effectively prevented.

In fact, the adequate supplementation of vitamin D can not only prevent breast cancer, but also improve the bones for human body to prevent rickets and osteoporosis. What’s more, if people supplement adequate vitamin D for themselves, some other diseases like heart disease, lung disease, diabetes, high blood pressure and dementia praecox can all be prevented. Take diabetes as an example. If we are attacked by diabetes, the cells in our bodies can be killed by the immune system.

However, vitamin D can effectively prevent the damage to the cells caused by the immune system. The experts think that the nutrient can probably prevent the excessive response of the immune system.

Although the deficiency of vitamin D keeps a close relationship with breast cancer, it does not mean that people should always supplement the nutrient. The supplementation of the nutrient should be controlled strictly, as the excessive supplementation can cause poisoning. The symptoms of poisoning mainly include anorexia, diarrhea, vomiting, frequent micturition, and so on. It is necessary for people to control the absorption of vitamin D within 5 micrograms every day. In addition, people who always live in a polluted area or often work at night should pay attention to the supplementation of the nutrient.

Ovarian cysts are common developments in women and even though most of them are benign, the symptoms are terrible. These tiny cysts on ovaries cause women so much pain that sometimes it is tough to bear. It can bring a woman to tears and there is no easy relief from it. If you are a woman who is going through this pain and turmoil then you need some help.

All you want is for your ovarian cyst to go away. Ever since it developed, your life just hasn’t been the same. You are looking for some escape from this because you are sick and tired of living with pain. You desperately want a solution so your life can return to normal. It is time that you made this happen.

In order to heal your ovarian cyst, you don’t have to seek the help of a doctor. There are things that you can do at home that will help you to heal your cyst so you can finally feel some relief from the pain. A great at home treatment is heat. Apply heat to the lower abdomen where your ovaries are and you will feel relief instantly. If you pair heat with vitamin C supplements, that makes an even bigger difference. Vitamin C helps to create more white blood cells, which helps to fight off things that are wrong with your body. The increase in blood flow to the cyst with the increase of white blood cells will definitely heal your cyst very fast.

Many women suffer with ovarian cysts at some point in their lives. If you decide to pursue the traditional route of treatment be prepared to take medications or undergo surgery. There are natural ways to shrink and even destroy the cyst. Find out from this helpful site what you can be doing at home to remedy this condition. You can be rid of your ovarian cyst without surgery.

Article Source:http://www.articlesbase.com/women’s-health-articles/ovarian-cyst-holistic-treatments-1383543.html

Bacterial vaginosis is a problem catching hold of many women these days and showing them the state of embarrassment. It is up to you to discuss this problem with your doctor for bacterial vaginosis treatment or cure it naturally. Natural means are always preferable over the antibiotics one.

Cure Bacterial Vaginosis in Just 3 Days- Guaranteed

Garlic serves as a good antiseptic agent to cure this problem. It maintains the natural pH level of the vagina. Vinegar bath along with apple cider can cure the disease fast and is a very effective bacterial vaginosis treatment. Many women who opted for antibiotic treatment are facing recurrent problem as these products kill the natural bacteria along with the artificial ones.

To get rid of the itching and burning sensation you need to work on the natural oils present in the area. Yoghurt can be an effective bacterial vaginosis treatment when used as a tampon. It can be inserted and kept there for a while. Probiotics is another very good option to get rid of the harmful bacteria.

Use cotton panties and avoid wearing synthetic ones as they can absorb moisture and sweat. Microbes grow in damp conditions so they can create problems. Bacterial vaginosis treatment includes tea tree oil to provide relaxation to vaginal skin. Stress and strain can also be a cause of this problem as this can disturb the balance of the skin. Metronidazole is few prescribed medicines offered by the doctor.

High intake of curd and vitamin C can make your condition better and show positive result in bacterial vaginosis treatment. Stay healthy and regain your confidence by fixing up your problem. If the problem still persists then you can opt for surgical options too. Maintaining a good personal hygiene is an easy way out of this trouble. Take bath twice daily and keep smiling always and live a tension free life.

Being a Bacterial Vaginosis sufferer myself for last few years, I tried many treatments right from Doctor’s Prescription, Herbal Treatment and Ayurvadidc but nothing worked untill i tried a Natural cure that solved my Chronic Bacterial Vaginosis in 3 Days. How I cured my Bacterial Vaginosis in 3 Days, Click Here.

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Bacterial vaginosis is a nasty infection that a lot of women get. It is typically caused by poor choices in hygiene and it stays with a woman for a while. This infection causes the vagina to produce a smelly odor that resembles the smell of a fish, and a discharge that can be greenish in color at times. This infection is extremely embarrassing to live with and if you have it, then you want a cure and fast.

This vaginal odor is slowly destroying and consuming your life. You don’t have any confidence any more and it is killing your personality. You used to be such a bubbly and happy person and now you are miserable all of the time. Your friends and family are noticing a change in you and so is your partner. Plus, your partner can’t experience any form of intimacy with you at the moment and it is really frustrating.

You need natural solutions for bacterial vaginosis so you can get rid of the vaginal odor fast. A great way to start this is to increase your vitamin C. This is because this vitamin helps to boost your immune system, which will protect you against this infection from worsening. Try to drink orange juice, eat kiwis or simply ingest vitamin C tablets. Another way to get rid of vaginal odor is to take a hot bath in Epson salt water. The hot water will ease away any irritation while the salt works to kill the bacteria that are causing this odor to occur.

Unpleasant vaginal discharge and smell is a problem that plagues countless women and can reoccur every few months. There are effective treatments for the condition that don’t just mask the odor, they actually treat the problem and eliminate it. If you are tired of feeling self conscious and if you shy away from others because of your bad vaginal odor learn more about what you can do to fix the problem, from this informative site!

You don’t have to be self conscious of your vaginal odor anymore. If it’s interfering in your life and making it difficult for you to feel comfortable in intimate situations, there is help! You can rid yourself of unpleasant vaginal odor today.

Article Source:http://www.articlesbase.com/women’s-health-articles/natural-solutions-for-bacterial-vaginosis-how-to-clear-up-your-infection-naturally-1347450.html

Antibiotics to cure a UTI are one of the most useless things around. The chances of your prescription actually working to get rid of the infection are very low. This is because sometimes a doctor can mistake a UTI for another kind of infection. Since you know what is happening to your body, you don’t need someone to mess it up.

You can find a cure for a UTI without antibiotics and start feeling better in a matter of days. You don’t need to wait in a doctor’s office all day and spend all sorts of money on a prescription that may not work. When your infection is gone, you want to ensure that your body is going to be protected for years to come and that is not going to be possible with a prescription.

In order to make this happen, there are a few things that you can do. The first home remedy for a UTI is to intake a lot of vitamin C. Right now, your immune system has taken a huge hit from this infection and you need to build your white blood cells back up. This is how your body is going to fight off another UTI from forming. Another great home remedy is to drink a lot of cranberry juice. Cranberry juice helps to flush the bacteria out of your body and also helps to boost your immune system too. These remedies help you to be protected from UTI’s for a long time to come and they will not waste your time.

Urinary tract infections can impact your life in many ways. If you are suffering with one, you already are well aware of how painful and uncomfortable it is. There are natural and effective ways to cure your urinary tract infection. Find out more about what you can do to relieve the pain and discomfort, from this helpful site.

You don’t have to resort to medications to cure your urinary tract infection. If it’s impacting your life or if you’ve had recurring episodes, there is a natural cure that will offer complete relief in just 48 hours.

Article Source:http://www.articlesbase.com/women’s-health-articles/a-cure-for-a-uti-without-antibiotics-get-rid-of-your-infection-today-and-fast-1339286.html

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No. 1 belly fat busting food is oatmeal. Have a bowl of oatmeal with strawberries for a two-in-one power breakfast or snack. If you can, opt for old-fashioned oatmeal rather than the finely milled instant variety.  

Fiber-rich oatmeal may also lower cholesterol levels. Other berries like raspberries pack in eight grams of fiber and deliver only 60 calories  

Belly fat busting food No. 2 is the nut family. Nuts like walnuts and almonds have omega 3 fatty acids that can alleviate stress and get rid of belly fat.  

Belly busting foods No.3 are apples, pears, and oranges. These are three examples of high-pectin fruits. Pectin is an entirely different fiber that can make you feel satiated throughout the day.  

Healthy foods you should also include in your efforts not just to flatten your belly but enhance health are vitamin C-rich grapefruit and bell peppers (also laden with fiber, vitamin A and potassium).  

No. 4- Other vital foods that can help you get rid of belly fat are vegetables. Five of these are broccoli, spinach, carrots, and Brussel sprouts, and beans. Count wine and green tea among the belly fat busters in your list.  

Final belly fat busting food- Studies show that drinking a glass of wine at dinnertime can contribute to a slimmer waistline. People who do this usually do not have as much belly fat as those who do not drink it. Green tea likewise has myriad health benefits, including being a natural slimming aid.  

Include these foods in your daily meals to get rid of your belly fat.

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Bacterial vaginosis is a big problem for most women and the health of their reproductive system. If you have this disease, your genitalia becomes swollen due to an imbalance in bacteria in that area of your body.

Since this relatively harmless problem can often lead to more dangerous things down the road, like cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease, you have to take care of it as soon as possible. Bacterial vaginosis, despite what some think, doesn’t affect just your genitalia’s dermal area, or the exterior of your vagina. Your urethra and bladder can be affected too. If you want to learn some herbal remedies for bacterial vaginosis, keep reading on.

First and foremost, take care to make sure your vagina is not contaminated once you move your bowels. If you’re careful, anal bacteria will be prevented from entering your vagina. Clean the entire area, including anus and vagina, with an antibacterial wipe; washing after bowel movements makes your chances even better than just using the wipes. Maintaining cleanliness and dryness in these areas is paramount to keeping you safe.

Use a combination of apple cider vinegar and water to naturally clean your vaginal area of bacterial vaginosis as you clean regularly. All you have to do is apply it with a cotton swab onto your vagina and use water to remove it. One effective, but expensive, option is vitamin E, which you can grind up and place on the vagina.

In terms of what foods you eat, making sure that you have a phytoestrogen-rich diet is essential to keeping your reproductive organs healthy and free of disease. This can be facilitated by eating plenty of nuts, apples, whole grains, and celery.

These are some herbal remedies for bacterial vaginosis. If you want to cure your bacterial vaginosis naturally within 3 days, click here.

Article Source:http://www.articlesbase.com/women’s-health-articles/herbal-remedies-for-bacterial-vaginosis-great-way-to-cure-your-bacterial-vaginosis-naturally-1317878.html

All of our ingredients in both the pill and cream are 100% natural.

Supplement Facts Serving Size: Two (2) Tablets 30 Servings Per Container
Amount Per Serving		%DV
Vitamin E (as d-Alpha Tocopheryl Succinate)	60 iu	200
Fenugreek (Trigonella foenum-graecum) (seed)	400 mg	*
Fennel (Foeniculum vulgare) (seed)	350 mg	*
Dong Quai (Angelica chinesis) (root)	250 mg	*
Blessed Thistle (Cnicus benedictus) (root)	125 mg	*
Dandelion (Taraxacum officinales) (root)	125 mg	*
Kelp (Ascophylum nodosum) (whole plant)	50 mg	*
Watercress (Nasturtium officinale) (leaf)	50 mg	*
L-Tyrosine	50 mg	*
*Daily Value (DV) not established.

Other Ingredients: Calcium Carbonate, Dibasic Calcium Phosphate, Tribasic Calcium Phosphate, Microcrystalline Cellulose, Croscarmellose Sodium, Stearic Acid, Magnesium Stearate, Silicon Dioxide, Modified Cellulose, Maltodextrin, Hydroxypropyl Methylcellulose, Hydroxypropyl Cellulose, Pharmaceutical Glaze & Water.

 

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Researchers suggest women with breast cancer be tested,Given vitamin D supplements if needed

More than half of women with breast cancer have low vitamin D levels, British researchers report.

“Women with breast cancer should be tested for vitamin D levels and offered supplements, if necessary,” says researcher Sonia Li, MD, of the Mount Vernon Cancer Centre in Middlesex, England. The findings were presented at the San Antonio Breast Cancer Symposium.

Some studies have suggested a link between low vitamin levels and breast cancer risk and progression, but others have not, she says. No studies have proven cause and effect.

Previous research suggests a biologic rationale for vitamin D putting the brakes on breast cancer development and spread, Li says.

Breast cancer cells have vitamin D receptors, and when these receptors are activated by vitamin D, it triggers a series of molecular changes that can slow cell growth and cause cells to die, she says.

Even if it does not have a direct effect on the tumor, vitamin D is needed to maintain the bone health of women with breast cancer, Li says. That’s especially important given the increasing use of aromatase inhibitors, which carry an increased risk of bone fractures, she says.

Vitamin D is found in some foods, especially milk and fortified cereals, and is made by the body after exposure to sunlight. It is necessary for bone health.

More than 50% of women tested have low vitamin D levels

For the study, Li and colleagues collected blood samples from 166 women with breast cancer and measured their levels of vitamin D.

Of the total, 46% had vitamin D insufficiency, defined as levels between 12.5 and 50 nanomoles per liter (nmol/L) of blood.

Another 6% had vitamin D deficiency, with levels lower than 12.5 nmol/L.

When ethnicity was considered, vitamin D levels were lower in Asian women than in white or other women: an average of about 36 nmol/L vs. 61 nmol/L and 39 nmol/L, respectively.

The researchers theorized that vitamin D levels would be higher in the summer, when there are more daylight hours, but the study showed no association between vitamin D levels and seasons.

Last month, the U.S. Institute of Medicine issued updated guidelines stating that a blood level of 50 nmol/L (or 20 nanograms/milliliter) is sufficient for 97% of people.

Edith Perez, MD, director of the breast cancer program at the Mayo Clinic in Jacksonville, Fla., tells WebMD that there is not enough evidence to support routine testing of women with breast cancer.

“But if women happen to be tested and have levels below that called for in the Institute of Medicine report, we prescribe supplements,” she says. “That’s not just for breast cancer, but for bone health, too.”

This study was presented at a medical conference. The findings should be considered preliminary as they have not yet undergone the “peer review” process, in which outside experts scrutinize the data prior to publication in a medical journal.

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